Coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide. In concert with LBP, binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide and delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex, thereby mediating the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MyD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Acts as a coreceptor for TLR2:TLR6 heterodimer in response to diacylated lipopeptides and for TLR2:TLR1 heterodimer in response to triacylated lipopeptides, these clusters trigger signaling from the cell surface and subsequently are targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway. Binds electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) and mediates the cytokine release induced by LDL(-).

1. This study shows that sCD14 impairs contractile function and insulin action in primary adult rat cardiomyocytes. PMID: 27816522
2. CD 14 mRNA expression increased significantly after five days of bile duct ligation in liver, lung, spleen, and ileum. PMID: 25093541
3. biliary drainage affects expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, CD14 and TGR5 expression in obstructive jaundice rats PMID: 23613625
4. Burn injury-induced mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes was prevented in CD14 knockout mice. Burn injury produces CD14-dependent mitochondrial damage via oxidative stress in myocardium. PMID: 20348223
5. Acute cerebral hemorrhage results in endotoxemia and widespread increases in CD14 and IL-1beta expression. PMID: 19534684
6. Expression of CD14 protein and its gene in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells during endotoxemia. PMID: 12046090
7. Increase of CD14 mRNA expression may result in greater sensitivity to endotoxin and thus lead to liver injury. PMID: 12113681
8. Although microglial-derived CD14 does not contribute to early events triggered by intrastriatal endotoxin treatment, it modulates the duration of inflammation within the cerebral tissue. PMID: 12218159
9. Ethanol administration led to a significant synthesis of endotoxin receptor CD14 protein and its gene expression in Kupffer cells, which maybe result in the pathological changes of liver tissue and hepatic functional damages. PMID: 12632533
10. the CD14 antigen system appeared to be an early trigger for Kupffer cell activation followed by induction of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta synthesis leading to hepatic injury after partial hepatectomy PMID: 14572767
11. CD14 glycoprotein is present on the cell membranes of vascular smooth muscle cells of rat aorta, where it acts as a lipopolysaccharide receptor. PMID: 15153652

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Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Secreted. Membrane raft. Golgi apparatus.

Detected in macrophages and peripheral blood monocytes.

KEGG: rno:60350

STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000023977

UniGene: Rn.42942