Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): CV%<8%
Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess.
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): CV%<10%
Three samples of known concentration were tested in twenty assays to assess.
線性度:
To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of rat GFAP in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
Sample
Serum(n=4)
1:1
Average %
92
Range %
88-98
1:2
Average %
99
Range %
94-109
1:4
Average %
95
Range %
89-98
1:8
Average %
98
Range %
89-104
回收率:
The recovery of rat GFAP spiked to levels throughout the range of the assay in various matrices was evaluated. Samples were diluted prior to assay as directed in the Sample Preparation section.
Sample Type
Average % Recovery
Range
Serum (n=5)
104
98-108
EDTA plasma (n=4)
98
94-106
標準曲線:
These standard curves are provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of samples assayed.
GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.
基因功能參考文獻:
demonstrate increased DNA methylation coupled with decreased histone acetylation at the Gfap promoter leading to suppression of Gfap expression under maternal hypothyroidism PMID: 29852171
The present study found that social isolation during adolescence resulted in abnormal locomotor, emotional and cognitive behaviors and increased the expression of GFAP, ANXA2 and VIM in PFC of adult rats PMID: 28705472
GFAP-positive structures were present and exhibited a tendency to become linear on both sides, with an increased density on the left. NFAP-positive expression was present in the left treated limb with a disorganized pattern PMID: 28652433
We found that GFAP exhibited enhanced stability upon the addition of two equivalents of each ligands with ceftriaxone imparting a more spontaneous interactions and a more ordered complex system than phenytoin PMID: 27133445
reduction of GFAP+ cell density was in agreement with a lower expression of GFAP protein PMID: 27579183
Astrocyte expression of GLAST/GFAP was reduced via JAK1/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway after exposure to sevoflurane. PMID: 27003918
Upon ependymal stem cells differentiation, Cx50 expression favors glial cell fate, since higher expression levels, endogenous or by over-expression of Cx50, augmented the expression of the astrocyte marker GFAP and impaired the neuronal marker Tuj1. PMID: 26561800
It is likely that a plastic change in GFAP expression in astrocytes selectively occurs around Oxytocin (OXT) neurons at proestrus and facilitates OXT release. PMID: 26994384
investigated temporal profile of astrocytic and neuronal injury markers after TBI; different mechanisms underlie clearance of UCH-L1 and GFAP in CSF and serum PMID: 25763798
Its antibody is able to protect cells from oxidative stress, which is due to changed protein expressions of the actin cytoskeleton. PMID: 25837926
GFAP release in hippocampus is significantly increased in a model of traumatic brain injury. PMID: 25898931
Hippocampal glucose uptake defects correlate with NeuN immunoreactivity in the latent phase and GFAP immunoreactivity in the chronic phase. PMID: 25798055
paracrine factors inhibit p38 MAPK and JNK, and most likely by regulating their downstream targets, p53 and STAT1, to promote astrocyte survival associated with GFAP downregulation after ischemic stroke in vitro PMID: 25752945
The down-regulation of histone deacetylase SIRT1 abrogating the effect of cocoa on glial fibrillary acidic protein up-regulation and on Lys310-RelA/p65 acetylation by silencing or blockage was clearly demonstrated herein in vivo and in vitro. PMID: 25448608
Data indicate that glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was up-regulated in satellite glial cells (SGCs) in dorsal root ganglia 14 days after streptozotocin injection. PMID: 25312986
increased in nucleus ambiguous after recurrent or superior laryngeal nerve injury PMID: 25181319
Diametric expression of GFAP and a different morphological pattern of caspase-3 labelling, although no changes in the cell number, were observed in the neurons of young and old animals. PMID: 25182537
Progesterone promotes neuroprotection following traumatic brain injury by inhibiting the expression of Nogo-A and GFAP, and increasing GAP-43 expression. PMID: 24567055
GFAP expression study also showed that cortical layer I usually contained multiple large astrocytes with branching processes, as well as numerous smaller processes with high intensity of expression. PMID: 25282817
GFAP repression is mediated through direct binding of p-PPARgamma (S112) to its promoter region. PMID: 24481447
GFAP is an important marker in determining the severity of traumatic brain injury. PMID: 24379073
To clarify whether GFAP-positive neoplastic astrocytes exist in rat spontaneous oligodendrogliomas and mixed gliomas or not, immunohistochemical examination was performed on spontaneous oligodendrogliomas (26 cases) and mixed gliomas. PMID: 23076037
Findings indicate the reciprocal relationships between GFAP expression and astrocyte neurotrophic activity by linking the ERalpha to ERbeta ratio to GFAP expression. PMID: 23515288
TMJ inflammation induced significant upregulation of GFAP (an astroglial marker) in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis. PMID: 23110394
Western blot analysis showed that the chronic stress downregulated GFAP but upregulated NDRG2 protein PMID: 22610521
In the hippocampus, thalamus, and piriform cortex both vascular laminin and astrocytic GFAP expression are upregulated following kainic acid injection. PMID: 22475395
Increases in c-fos and GFAP were triggered by the combined stress of non-thermal irradiation and the toxic effect of picrotoxin on cerebral tissues. PMID: 21524663
There was a reduction in GFAP levels in the hippocampus of non-trained diabetic animals, which was not found in trained diabetic group. PMID: 21892662
Zuogui Pill may have protective effects on the optic nerve and retina ganglion cells after contusion by promoting nestin and GFAP expressions in Muller cells of the retina. PMID: 21906524
Activation of a pro-survival IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 cascade contributes to cholera toxin-induced GFAP expression. PMID: 21470923
Cesarean section might increase GFAP expression in the hippocampus and frontal cortex, and trigger neuronal apoptosis of hippocampus region. PMID: 21211284
GFAP-positive temporomandibular joint disc cells were characterized by broader processes and existed exclusively in the deeper area. PMID: 21679183
GFAP expression was down-regulated while GAP-43 expression upregulated in the retinal ganglial cells after peripheral nerve transplantation. PMID: 20423852
Region-specific alterations in the gene expression of GFAP, VEGF, and FGF-2 and their receptors in the aged brain correspond to changes in astrocytic reactivity, supporting astrocytic heterogeneity and demonstrating a differential aging effect. PMID: 21385309
GFAP content was diminished after a long-term administration of progesterone in hippocampus. PMID: 21683086
There is a differential expression pattern of GFAP in the rat brain during pregnancy and the beginning of lactation that is associated with changes in brain function during these reproductive stages. PMID: 20732387
Data show that astrocyte structural proteins GFAP and vimentin are induced by chronic leptin administration, suggesting astrocytes participating in leptin modulated synaptic inputs. PMID: 21343257
Butylphthalide may protect the neuron-vascular unit of the hippocampus of Alzheimer model rats by inhibiting the expression of GFAP and increasing the expression of VEGF. PMID: 20197608
Pax3 negatively regulates GFAP expression during astrocyte differentiation in vitro PMID: 21371476
these results indicate that intracellular cAMP levels regulate the expression of NPP1 in rat C6 glioma cells by a signalling pathway that is different from the GFAP signal transduction pathway PMID: 21168404
hyperbaric oxygenation treatment for cerebral infarction, can increase the expression of Map-2 and decrease the expression of GFAP. PMID: 19141977
Amniotic fluid-GFAP levels appear to correlate with spinal cord injury as gestation proceeds in fetal rats with myelomeningocele. PMID: 21284970
Retinal injury induces an upregulation of a complement of four intermediate filament proteins, including synemin and nestin, in Muller cells. PMID: 21139996
Chondroitinase ABC can reduce the expression of GFAP after spinal cord injury. PMID: 21046809
retinoic acid and cytokines have a synergistic effect on the regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression PMID: 20876578
There was no significant increase in GFAP immunoreactivity in the white matter in a weight drop model of mild cerebral contusion injury in the rat. PMID: 20479526
Alcohol could repress the expression of GFAP and S100 of astrocytes. PMID: 16986516
S100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression increased significantly in the hippocampal astrocytes of rats with Alzheimer disease, and were inhibited by butylphthalide. PMID: 19726345
Brain concussion induced the expression of GFAP. PMID: 16850587
expression of 25-kDa synaptosomal-associated protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein, were significantly enhanced in the cerebellum of rats with treadmill training after cerebral infarct PMID: 19661770
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亞細胞定位:
Cytoplasm.
蛋白家族:
Intermediate filament family
組織特異性:
Expressed in the cortex and hippocampus. Expression decreases following acute and chronic corticosterone treatment.