了解激素:預防和治療多種疾病的關鍵
1、什么是激素
激素是由內分泌腺或其他細胞分泌的一類生物活性分子,它們能夠通過血液或淋巴液循環到達身體的各個部位,從而調節生理過程。激素的種類非常多,包括甲狀腺激素、胰島素、雌激素和孕激素、睪酮、腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素、生長激素等等,它們在人體內起到不同的作用,如調節代謝、生長發育、生殖、免疫和應激等 [1]。
2、人體內常見激素
人體內常見的激素包括甲狀腺激素、胰島素、雌激素和孕激素、睪酮、腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素、生長激素等。
- Adrenaline,
- Androgens,
- Glucocorticoids,
- T4,
- T3,
- PTH,
- Calcitonin
- Calcitriol,
- Renin,
- Erythropoietin
圖:人體各器官分泌激素一覽表
甲狀腺激素是由甲狀腺分泌的激素,包括甲狀腺素(T4)和三碘甲狀腺原氨酸(T3),它們在體內的作用類似于加速器,可以調節身體的基礎代謝率,影響心率、體溫、消化、呼吸等多個生理過程,同時也對大腦、骨骼、肌肉等組織的發育和功能有重要的影響。甲狀腺激素水平的異常,無論是過高還是過低,都可能導致各種疾病和不適 [2]。
華美生物可提供小鼠、牛、雞、魚等各種屬的甲狀腺素(T4)和三碘甲狀腺原氨酸(T3)的ELISA檢測試劑盒,產品列表如下:
Target | Product Name | Code |
---|---|---|
T3 | Bovine Tri-iodothyronine,T3 ELISA Kit | CSB-E13049B |
Chicken Tri-iodothyronine,T3 ELISA Kit | CSB-E13270C | |
Fish Tri-iodothyronine,T3 ELISA Kit | CSB-E08488f | |
Mouse Tri-iodothyronine,T3 ELISA Kit | CSB-E05086m | |
Mouse Free Tri-iodothyronine,Free-T3 ELISA Kit | CSB-E05077m | |
T4 | Bovine thyroxine,T4 ELISA Kit | CSB-E13050B |
Canine thyroxine,T4 ELISA Kit | CSB-E07288c | |
Chicken thyroxine (T4) ELISA Kit | CSB-E15787C | |
Fish Thyroxine,T4 ELISA Kit | CSB-E08489f | |
Horse thyroxine (T4) ELISA kit | CSB-EQ027512HO | |
Monkey thyroxine (T4) ELISA kit | CSB-EQ027512MK | |
Mouse thyroxine,T4 ELISA Kit | CSB-E05083m | |
Rat thyroxine,T4 ELISA Kit | CSB-E05082r | |
Fish free thyroxine (FT4) ELISA kit | CSB-EQF027512FI | |
Mouse Free Thyroxine,FT4 ELISA Kit | CSB-E05080m | |
Rat Free Thyroxine,FT4 ELISA Kit | CSB-E05079r |
胰島素是由胰腺β細胞分泌的激素,它能夠促進葡萄糖的吸收和利用,維持血糖平衡 [3]。當我們吃東西后,食物中的碳水化合物被消化并轉化為葡萄糖進入血液循環。血液中的葡萄糖水平升高會刺激胰腺分泌胰島素,胰島素會促進體內細胞對葡萄糖的攝取和利用,并促進肝臟、肌肉和脂肪組織合成和儲存糖原。通過這些機制,胰島素可以降低血糖水平,保持血糖在正常范圍內。胰島素在糖代謝和能量代謝中起著重要的作用,同時也與脂肪代謝、蛋白質代謝和生長發育等方面密切相關。
華美生物所提供的各種屬胰島素ELISA檢測試劑盒如下表:
Target | Product Name | Code |
---|---|---|
INS | Fish Insulin,INS ELISA Kit | CSB-E12123Fh |
Guinea pig insulin (INS) ELISA kit | CSB-EL011742GU | |
Human Insulin,INS ELISA Kit | CSB-E05069h | |
Human Proinsulin,PI ELISA Kit | CSB-E08345h | |
Monkey Insulin,INS ELISA Kit | CSB-E10047Mo | |
Mouse Insulin,INS ELISA Kit | CSB-E05071m | |
Rat Insulin,INS ELISA Kit | CSB-E05070r | |
Sheep Insulin(INS) ELISA Kit | CSB-E17044Sh |
雌激素(Estrogen)和孕激素(Progesterone)是由卵巢分泌的激素,在女性的生殖和生理周期中起著重要的作用 [4]。
● 雌激素在女性生殖系統和全身范圍內都扮演著重要的角色。在女性生殖系統中,雌激素促進了卵子的發育和成熟,并且調節了子宮內膜的生長和分化,同時還影響了陰道的生理狀態。在全身范圍內,雌激素參與了骨骼代謝、脂肪代謝、心血管系統、神經系統等多個方面的生理過程。
● 孕激素是卵巢在月經周期后期分泌的激素,它的主要作用是為著床的受精卵提供適宜的生長環境。孕激素可以促進子宮內膜的分化和增厚,并且阻止了子宮收縮,從而維持了妊娠的穩定。此外,孕激素還參與了女性生殖系統、免疫系統等多個生理過程。
華美生物提供人雌激素ELISA試劑盒及牛、貓、雞、人、猴等多個種屬的孕激素ELISA檢測試劑盒,列舉如下表:
Target | Product Name | Code |
---|---|---|
E | Human estrogen,E ELISA Kit | CSB-E07286h |
PROG | Bovine progesterone,PROG ELISA Kit | CSB-E08172b |
Canine Progesterone,PROG ELISA kit | CSB-E07285c | |
Chicken progesterone,PROG ELISA Kit | CSB-E12012C | |
Horse Progesterone(PROG) ELISA kit | CSB-E13183Hs | |
Human Progesterone,PROG ELISA kit | CSB-E07283h | |
Monkey Progesterone(PROG) ELISA Kit | CSB-E13352Mk | |
Mouse Progesterone,PROG ELISA Kit | CSB-E05104m | |
Pig progesterone,PROG ELISA Kit | CSB-E12869p | |
Rat Progesterone,PROG ELISA kit | CSB-E07282r | |
Sheep Progesterone(PROG) ELISA Kit | CSB-E13176Sh |
睪酮(Testosterone)是一種男性激素,屬于雄激素類激素,是睪丸分泌的主要激素之一 [5]。它對男性的性發育、生殖功能、性欲、肌肉質量、骨密度等方面具有重要作用。女性體內也會分泌少量的睪酮,對于維持其生殖系統健康、性欲等方面也有一定的作用。
華美生物提供多種種屬(包括人、鼠、豬、狗、牛等)的睪酮ELISA檢測試劑盒,用于檢測血清、血漿、尿液等樣品中的睪酮水平。
Target | Product Name | Code |
---|---|---|
T | Rat Testosterone,T ELISA Kit | CSB-E05100r |
Mouse Testosterone,T ELISA Kit | CSB-E05101m | |
Fish Testosterone(T) ELISA Kit | CSB-E17554Fh | |
Chicken Testosterone (T) ELISA Kit | CSB-E12797C | |
Bovine Testosterone(T) ELISA Kit | CSB-E13194B | |
Canine Testosterone (T) ELISA Kit | CSB-E06893c | |
Pig Testosterone,T ELISA Kit | CSB-E06796p | |
Rabbit Testosterone,T ELISA Kit | CSB-E06927Rb | |
Human Testosterone,T ELISA Kit | CSB-E05099h | |
Monkey Testosterone(T)ELISA Kit | CSB-E16337Mk |
腎上腺素(Adrenaline)和去甲腎上腺素(Noradrenaline)是由腎上腺髓質分泌的兩種激素。它們都是兒茶酚胺類激素,起到調節機體應激反應和維持機體內環境穩定等重要作用 [6]。腎上腺素促進心率、呼吸、血糖升高等應激反應;而去甲腎上腺素則在調節血壓、血糖、血脂等方面發揮作用,同時也具有一定的鎮靜作用。華美生物相關ELISA檢測試劑盒如下表:
Target | Product Name | Code |
---|---|---|
T | Human Noradrenaline,NA ELISA Kit | CSB-E07021h |
Mouse Noradrenaline,NA ELISA Kit | CSB-E07870m | |
Rat Noradrenaline,NA ELISA Kit | CSB-E07022r | |
EPI | Human Epinephrine/Adrenaline,EPI ELISA Kit | CSB-E08677h |
Mouse Epinephrine/Adrenaline,EPI ELISA Kit | CSB-E08679m | |
Rat Epinephrine/Adrenaline,EPI ELISA Kit | CSB-E08678r |
生長激素(human growth hormone,簡稱HGH),是一種由垂體腺分泌的蛋白質激素,主要作用是促進生長和維持機體正常代謝 [7]。它能刺激肝臟產生一種生長因子,即胰島素樣生長因子(IGF-1),從而促進骨骼和肌肉生長、增加蛋白質合成、減少脂肪存儲等作用。此外,生長激素還具有增強免疫力、改善睡眠、增加心肺功能等作用。生長激素的分泌主要受到神經、代謝、營養等多種因素的影響。華美生物生長激素ELISA檢測試劑盒如下表:
Target | Product Name | Code |
---|---|---|
GH | Bovine growth hormone,GH ELISA Kit | CSB-E13443B |
Chicken growth hormone,GH ELISA KIT | CSB-E09866Ch | |
Dog growth hormone,GH ELISA Kit | CSB-E14962c | |
Fish growth hormone,GH ELISA Kit | CSB-E12121Fh | |
Horse growth hormone,GH ELISA Kit | CSB-E11242Eq | |
Rat growth hormone,GH ELISA KIT | CSB-E07342r |
3、激素的分泌與調節
激素分泌的機制主要是通過負反饋機制來實現。負反饋機制是指當激素濃度升高時,會抑制相應激素的分泌,從而使激素濃度維持在一定范圍內。例如,甲狀腺激素的分泌受到下丘腦-垂體-甲狀腺軸的調節,當血液中的甲狀腺激素水平升高時,會抑制下丘腦和垂體的分泌,從而降低甲狀腺激素的合成和分泌 [8]。
激素分泌的調節受到多種因素的影響,包括神經系統、環境因素、生理狀態和其他激素等。例如,下丘腦-垂體-腎上腺軸受到壓力和應激的調節,當人體處于應激狀態時,下丘腦會釋放促腎上腺皮質激素釋放激素,從而刺激垂體前葉分泌促腎上腺皮質激素,促使腎上腺皮質分泌腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素 [9]。
4、激素檢測技術
激素的檢測技術主要包括ELISA檢測法、放射免疫分析法、質譜分析法和生物傳感器技術等。其中,ELISA檢測法是一種快速、準確、靈敏度高的檢測技術,廣泛應用于臨床醫學和生物科學領域,包括激素、蛋白質、抗體等生物大分子的檢測 [10]。華美生物開發了一系列的激素相關ELISA試劑盒,如甲狀腺激素ELISA試劑盒、胰島素ELISA試劑盒、雌激素和孕激素ELISA試劑盒等,可廣泛應用于科研領域。
5、華美激素檢測相關產品
華美生物提供17個種屬的192種激素檢測試劑盒,協助您進行相關研究。
Code | Product Name | Sensitivity | Detection Range | Abbreviation | Species |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CSB-E05087h | Human 17-Hydroxyprogesterone,17-OHP ELISA Kit | 17-OHP | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||
CSB-E04486h | Human Activin A,ACV-A ELISA Kit | 3.9 pg/mL | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | ACV-A | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E12756h | Human anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL | 62.5 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL | AMH | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E09080h | Human antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin/arginine vasopressin,ADH/VP/AVP ELISA Kit | 0.312 pg/mL | 1.25 pg/mL-80 pg/mL | AVP | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E05111h | Human Cortisol ELISA Kit | 0.049 ng/mL | 0.049 ng/mL-200 ng/mL | COR | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E06872h | Human corticotropin releasing hormone,CRH ELISA Kit | 1 ng/mL | 1 ng/mL-40 ng/mL | CRH | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E07878h | Human Dihydrotestosterone,DHT ELISA Kit | 5 pg/mL | 10 pg/mL-2000 pg/mL | DHT | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E07286h | Human estrogen,E ELISA Kit | 25 pg/mL | 25 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | E | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E05108h | Human Estradiol,E2 ELISA Kit | 40 pg/mL | 40 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | E2 | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E08677h | Human Epinephrine/Adrenaline,EPI ELISA Kit | 1 pg/mL | 2 pg/mL-400 pg/mL | EPI | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E06867h | Human follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH ELISA Kit | FSH | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||
CSB-EL009408HU | Human Growth hormone variant(GH2) ELISA kit | 33 pg/mL | 133 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL | GH2 | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E15803h | Human Hyperglycosylated Chorionic Gonadotropin(hCG) ELISA Kit | 0.167 mIU/mL | 0.67 mIU/mL-20 mIU/mL | hCG | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E05060h | Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin,HCG ELISA Kit | 2 mIU/mL | 8 mIU/mL-240 mIU/mL | hCG | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E08237h | Human Inhibin A,INH-A ELISA Kit | 0.2 pg/mL | 0.4 pg/mL-80 pg/mL | INHA | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E08149h | Human inhibin B,INH-B ELISA Kit | 2 pg/mL | 4 pg/mL-800 pg/mL | INH-B | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E05069h | Human Insulin,INS ELISA Kit | INS | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||
CSB-E04649h | Human Leptin,LEP ELISA kit | 0.060 ng/mL | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | LEP | Homo sapiens (Human) |
CSB-E12690h | Human luteinizing hormone (LH) ELISA kit | LH | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||
CSB-E08132h | Human Melatonin,MT ELISA Kit | 1.56 pg/mL | 6.25 pg/mL-400 pg/mL | MT | Homo sapiens (Human) |
參考文獻:
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