Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
貨期:
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
用途:
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Kinase that plays a key role in regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism in response to prolonged fasting and starvation. Plays an important role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels under starvation, and is involved in the insulin signaling cascade. Via its regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pH and in preventing the accumulation of ketone bodies under starvation. In the fed state, mediates cellular responses to glucose levels and to a high-fat diet. Regulates both fatty acid oxidation and de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. Plays a role in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Protects detached epithelial cells against anoikis. Plays a role in cell proliferation via its role in regulating carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism.
基因功能參考文獻:
Results show that PDK4-specific 5'UTR DNA methylation is positively associated with eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acid in adult males. PMID: 27181711
it was found that low expression of FAM210B was significantly correlated with decreased survival and enhanced metastasis in vivo and in vitro, and the loss of FAM210B led to an increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity and reduced glycolysis through the downregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4). PMID: 28594398
In conclusion, our data indicated that PDK4 potentially contributes to the hepatic steatosis in NASH via regulating several signaling pathway and PDK4 may be a new therapeutic strategy against NAFLD. PMID: 29128353
Low PDK4 expression is associated with lung tumorigenesis. PMID: 27641336
Increased PDK4 expression is associated with colon cancer. PMID: 28208156
We found that PDK4 gene and protein expression was significantly elevated in pulmonary arterial hypertension pericytes and correlated with reduced mitochondrial metabolism, higher rates of glycolysis, and hyperproliferation PMID: 27456128
Inhibition of CK2 increased the expression of metabolic regulators, PDK4 and AMPK along with the key cellular energy sensor CREB. PMID: 27001465
These findings indicate that the TGFbeta/PDK4 signaling axis plays an important role in the response of colorectal cancer to chemotherapy. PMID: 27330076
inhibition of PDK4 activity in Hepatocellular carcinoma cells increased cyclin E1, cyclin A2, and E2F1 proteins. PMID: 28003426
FXR may promote the proliferation of tumor cells and the hepatocytes in the process of liver regeneration by activating the PDK4-mediated metabolic reprogramming to generate glycolytic intermediates essential for rapid biomass generation, establishing a mechanistic link between cell proliferation and metabolic switch. PMID: 26728993
Combined speed endurance and endurance exercise amplify the exercise-induced PGC-1alpha and PDK4 mRNA response in trained human muscle. PMID: 27456910
High PDK4 expression is associated with hepatocellular cancer. PMID: 26506419
upregulation of PDK4 promotes vascular calcification by increasing osteogenic markers with no adverse effect on bone formation, demonstrating that PDK4 is a therapeutic target for vascular calcification. PMID: 26560812
Fatty acids induce the expression of PDK4 mRNA, which was increased in myotubes cultured from obese and T2DM donors. PMID: 25311062
Swiss PDB Viewer identifies NFkappaB subunit p100/p49 as a potential interacting partner for PDK4. Relationship between PDK4 and apoptosis is suggested. PMID: 25794976
ZBTB2 may increase cell proliferation by reprogramming glucose metabolic pathways to favor glycolysis by upregulating PDK4 expression via repression of RelA/p65 expression PMID: 25609694
Methylation increased in PDK4, IL1 B, IL6, and TNF promoters 12 months after gastric bypass. PMID: 24837562
PDK4 promotes tumorigenesis through activation of the CREB-RHEB-mTORC1 signaling cascade. PMID: 25164809
Data show that the orphan nuclear receptor estrogen related receptor gamma (ERRgamma) plays a critical role in hypoxia-mediated activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) gene expression. PMID: 23050013
mRNA of PGC-1alpha and PDK4 increases markedly in both type I and type II skeletal muscle after either continuous or interval exercise PMID: 21883960
PDK4 polymorphisms may not be associated with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. PMID: 22019269
The present structures demonstrate the flexible and dynamic aspects of PDK4 in the open conformation and provide a basis for the development of novel inhibitors targeting the nucleotide-binding pocket of PDK4. PMID: 21904029
PDK4 gene is downregulated in colic adenocarcinoma. PMID: 20715114
The expression of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 was downregulated in the failing heart. PMID: 12145475
results support the concept that a reduced tissue availability of fatty acids consequent to a massive lipid malabsorption influences glucose metabolism acting through the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 PMID: 12582211
mRNA levels are increased in skeletal muscle during fasting PMID: 14966024
Expression of constitutively active PKB alpha abrogates dexamethasone stimulation of hPDK4 promoter activity. PMID: 15047604
Gene expression regulation is affected by retinoic acid and histone acetyation (review). PMID: 15581486
activation of FXR may suppress glycolysis and enhance oxidation of fatty acids via inactivation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by increasing PDK4 expression PMID: 15721319
retinoic acids (RA) as well as Trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), regulate PDK4 gene expression PMID: 16757381
Accumulation of im lipids plays a more important role than impaired activation of Akt-mediated pathways in the regulation of muscle PDK4 gene expression in lipid-induced acute insulin-resistant states PMID: 17652214
PDK4 upregulation in adipocytes participates in the hypolipidemic effect of thiazolidinediones through modulation of glyceroneogenesis PMID: 18519799
PDK4 with bound ADP exists in equilibrium between the open and the closed conformations PMID: 18658136
顯示更多
收起更多
亞細胞定位:
Mitochondrion matrix.
蛋白家族:
PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family
組織特異性:
Ubiquitous; highest levels of expression in heart and skeletal muscle.